Functions

Functions of English(8):

Expressing Opinion
Giving Opinion:	Asking for Opinion:
In my opinion............... It seems to me that.......... To be honest................ Personaly speaking....... As far as I am concerned, I...............	What's your opinion? What do you think? Are for or against? Do you think that....?

 Functions in Context

       Asking for Opinion:

• · I was wondering where you stood on the question of immigration?
• · What's your position on global warming?
• · What's your opinion of the project?
• · What do you think of love?
• · How do you feel about building a space prison for dangerous criminals?  
Giving Opinion
• · In my opinion the consequences of global warming will be fatal.
• · As far as I'm concerned love is the noblest feeling.
• · From my point of view, poverty could be fought with solidarity.
• · As I see it, our planet is dying.
• · I think / reckon / presume / gather it will get worse with time.
• · In my view immigration is caused by unemployment.
• · It would seem to me that technologies will control us sooner or later.
• · It seems to me that democracy is the solution for developing countries.
• · I feel the world is getting wilder than ever before.
• · I believe politics should be more human...
• · I figure that we are doomed to protect our planet before it is too late.
• · To my mind cloning should be restricted.
• · According to me Euthanasia should be banned.
• · What I think / mean / believe is that developed countries are selfish.
• · I mean that they don't try to help poor countries.
• · I may venture that they are extremely sadist.
• · As for me they like to be at top of the world.

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Functions of English(7):

Certainty
Expressing Certainty	Expressing  Uncertainty
It must be ………………. I am certain I am sure I do believe that ……………………. Certainly / undoubtedl	I am not certain I am not sure I am doubtful Doubtedly / probably

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Functions of English(6):

Advice النصيحة
Asking for Advice:	Giving Advice:
What should I do ? What do you think I should do ? What would you do if you were in my place?	If I were you , I would…………. You should………………. You ought to …………………. I don’t think you should ………….

 Functions in Context

       Random Examples:

• If I were you, I wouldn’t buy this old computer.
• Why don't you stay at home and watch TV?
• You'd better go to bed early.
• You ought to revise your lessons regularly.
• If you take my advice, you'll tell your parents the truth.
• You should drive slowly in town.
• It might be a good idea to put on your coat. It's cold outside.
• You should consider taking the keys before you leave.

       Declining Giving Advice:

• I don't know what to advise, I'm afraid.
• I wish I could suggest something, but I can't.
• I wish I could help.
• I'm afraid I can't really help you. I have the same problem myself.

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Functions of English(5):

Advice النصيحة
Asking for Advice:	Giving Advice:
What should I do ? What do you think I should do ? What would you do if you were in my place?	If I were you , I would…………. You should………………. You ought to …………………. I don’t think you should ………….

 Functions in Context

       Random Examples:

• If I were you, I wouldn’t buy this old computer.
• Why don't you stay at home and watch TV?
• You'd better go to bed early.
• You ought to revise your lessons regularly.
• If you take my advice, you'll tell your parents the truth.
• You should drive slowly in town.
• It might be a good idea to put on your coat. It's cold outside.
• You should consider taking the keys before you leave.

       Declining Giving Advice:

• I don't know what to advise, I'm afraid.
• I wish I could suggest something, but I can't.
• I wish I could help.
• I'm afraid I can't really help you. I have the same problem myself.

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Functions of English(4):

Regret
Expressing Regret:	Examples:
If only + sbj + had + past participle	If only I had not immigrated If only I had stayed among my family
Sbj + wish + sbj + had + past participle	I wish I had not immigrated I wish I had stayed among my family

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Functions of English(3):

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Complaint/Apology
Complaining	Apologizing
I have a complaint to make. .............. I'm sorry to say this but................. I want to complain about................... I'm afraid I've got a complaint about............... I'm angry about................	I do apologize for...... I must apologize for ..... I am so sorry for .... I shouldn't have........... It's all my fault. I'm ashamed of..... Please, forgive me for...... I'm terribly sorry for.... Pardon me for this........ Please, forgive me for my...... Please, accept my apologies for......

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Functions of English(2):

Clarification
Expressing Lack of Understandin	Asking for Clarification
I didn’t understand I can’t understand I don’t quite follow you I ‘m not sure I got your point I can’t get your idea	What do you mean ? Could /can you be more explicit ? Would you clarify that , please ?

 Functions in Context

       Asking for Clarification:
Formal

• Excuse me. What was that again?
• Pardon me. Would you mind repeating that    
• Pardon me. Could you repeat that please?
• I beg your pardon.  Would you mind repeating that?
• I’m sorry.  I didn’t get the last part.
• May I interrupt?   Could you say that again please?

Informal

• What? I didn’t catch that.
• What did you say? I didn’t get the last part.
• Huh? (impolite) You lost me.
• I didn’t get that. Can you make yourself clear?
• I am completely in the dark.

Giving Clarification and checking for understanding.

Formal

• I mean that......
• What I mean is that....
• Does that make sense to you?
• Am I making sense?
• Am I clear enough?
• Do you get that?
• Have I made myself clear?
• Do you see what I mean?
• Do you understand so far?
• Are you following me?

Informal

• Did you catch that?
• Do you understand?           
• Is that clear now?            
• Right?
• Okay, so far?                       
• Did you get that?     
• Got it?     

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Functions of English(1):

Expressing Request
Making Request	Responding to Request
Can you open the door? Will you open the door? Would you open the door? Could you open the door? would you mind opening the door? Do you mind opening the door	Of course Sure Certainly Sorry, I can’t I ‘m afraid I can’t

 Functions in Context

       Making Requests:

•  Can you close that door, please?
• Will you turn down that radio, please?
• Could you possibly give me that red pen over there?
• Would you bring me a glass of water please?
• Would you like to put that case on the reception desk, please?!
• Would you mind sending these letters for me, please?!

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